Nested If
You can also place an if statement inside another if . This is called a nested if statement.
A nested if lets you check for a condition only if another condition is already true .
Syntax
if (condition1) {
// code to run if condition1 is true
if (condition2) {
// code to run if both condition1 and condition2 are true
}
}Example
In this example, we first check if x is greater than 10. If it is, we then check if y is greater than 20:
Example
int x = 15;
int y = 25;
if (x > 10) {
cout << "x is greater than 10\n";
// Nested if
if (y > 20) {
cout << "y is also greater than 20\n";
}
}Real-Life Example
Nested if statements are useful when you need to test multiple conditions that depend on each other. For example, checking if a person is old enough to vote, and if they are a citizen:
Example
int age = 20;
bool isCitizen = true;
if (age >= 18) {
cout << "Old enough to vote.\n";
if (isCitizen) {
cout << "And you are a citizen, so you can vote!\n";
} else {
cout << "But you must be a citizen to vote.\n";
}
} else {
cout << "Not old enough to vote.\n";
}Notes
- You can nest as many if statements as you want, but avoid making the code too deep - it can become hard to read.
- Nested if is often used together with else and else if for more complex decision making.