Group Anagrams - Arrange Code (Java)

Put the Java code in order

Problem Brief

Given an array of strings strs, group the anagrams together. You can return the answer in any order. An Anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once.

Puzzle Hints

Ignore visual position first; place the line that creates required state before lines that read it. One candidate is "}".
Arrange the java code lines in the correct order to form a working solution.
When two lines both look plausible, choose the one whose output is needed by the next line.

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Group Anagrams — Sorted Key HashMap

hashmap

Input: ["eat","tea","tan","ate","nat","bat"]. Key = sorted chars

HashMap & HashSet in Javaref

Java HashMap<K,V> provides O(1) average put/get/containsKey. HashSet<E> wraps HashMap internally. Use getOrDefault() to avoid null checks. For thread safety, use ConcurrentHashMap.

-HashMap<K,V> — put(), get(), containsKey() all O(1)

-HashSet<E> — add(), contains(), remove() O(1)

-getOrDefault(key, defaultValue) simplifies counting

-entrySet() to iterate key-value pairs

HashMap<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("a", 1);
map.getOrDefault("b", 0);  // 0

HashSet<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
set.add(1);
set.contains(1);  // true

Official docs →

HashMap & HashSet in Javaref

Java HashMap<K,V> provides O(1) average put/get/containsKey. HashSet<E> wraps HashMap internally. Use getOrDefault() to avoid null checks. For thread safety, use ConcurrentHashMap.

-HashMap<K,V> — put(), get(), containsKey() all O(1)

-HashSet<E> — add(), contains(), remove() O(1)

-getOrDefault(key, defaultValue) simplifies counting

-entrySet() to iterate key-value pairs

HashMap<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("a", 1);
map.getOrDefault("b", 0);  // 0

HashSet<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
set.add(1);
set.contains(1);  // true

Official docs →

How to think: Hash Map / Setguide

You need O(1) lookups — checking if something exists, counting frequencies, or finding pairs.

1.Ask: "Am I searching for something repeatedly?" → Hash Map

2.Ask: "Do I need to check existence?" → Set

3.Ask: "Do I need to count occurrences?" → Map with value = count

4.Ask: "Do I need to find a pair that satisfies a condition?" → Store complement in Map

5.The tradeoff: O(n) extra space buys you O(1) per lookup

vs Nested loops (O(n²)): You're comparing every element against every other — a Map does it in one pass

vs Sorting (O(n log n)): You just need existence/frequency checks, not order

find pairtwo numbers thatfrequencycountduplicateanagramgroup by