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System Design•Reliability and Review

System Design: Observability and SLOs

SLO puzzle

Measure what users feel

A search service is technically up, but users report slow responses and stale results.

0/3 checks
Design choices

SLO signal

Which SLO best matches the complaint?

Load context

What capacity question explains latency spikes?

Fallback

What is a reasonable degraded mode?

Puzzle target

Pick signals that show user-visible health rather than only machine health.

○SLO signal: choose an answer
○Load context: choose an answer
○Fallback: choose an answer
SLO signal

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Load context

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Fallback

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Review

Complete each design choice to unlock the review. The feedback above will point out what your current tradeoff misses.

Flash cards

Review the key moves

1/3
Core idea

What is the main idea behind System Design: Observability and SLOs?

Lesson checks

Practice each idea before moving on

Short Mimo-style checks built from this lesson's code, terms, and sequence.

1Quick choice

Which statement best captures the main point of this lesson?

2Order

Put the learning moves in the order that makes the concept easiest to apply.

- Define latency, error-rate, saturation, and business counters for the design.
System design is a sequence of explicit tradeoffs.
System Design: Observability and SLOs

System design is a sequence of explicit tradeoffs. Start small: clarify the goal, estimate load, pick the simplest architecture, then name what breaks first.

Design surfaceWhat you decide
RequirementsFunctional behavior, constraints, and non-goals
ScaleReads, writes, storage, bandwidth, and latency target
ArchitectureClients, load balancer, services, cache, database, queue, and workers
ReliabilityFailure mode, fallback, retry, and metric
GoalPick metrics and alerts that map to user-visible reliability, not just server health.

Practice Task

  • Define latency, error-rate, saturation, and business counters for the design.
  • Use the design puzzle below to choose components and tradeoffs.
  • Explain the bottleneck before adding more infrastructure.

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System Design: Reliability and Failure Modes

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System Design: Scale Review